50 pages 1 hour read

Starfish

Fiction | Novel/Book in Verse | Middle Grade | Published in 2021

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Poems 31-77Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Poems 31-40 Summary

(This section summarizes Poem 31: “Friends, Not Enemies,” Poem 32: “Unappetizing,” Poem 33: “Missing Dad,” Poem 34: “Someone to Talk to,” Poem 35: “What’s Wrong With Her?,” Poem 36: “Hard to Fit In,” Poem 37: “Pulling Sneakies,” Poem 38: “Taking Inventory,” Poem 39: “Peacekeeper,” and Poem 40: “Secret Stash.”)

Mom alludes to bariatric surgery for Ellie, and Ellie feels sick. Missing her father’s support, Ellie forgives Dad for not telling her about seeking a therapist, and Dad promises that he will never let the surgery happen. Ellie reflects on how Mom has influenced her negative relationship with food. Mom withholds food from Ellie and checks Ellie’s trash for anything outside of her diet plan. As a result, Ellie hides food and trash in her room. Mom also denies Ellie things she wants as “motivation” to lose weight, such as refusing to pay for piano lessons until she loses weight. In Poem 37: “Pulling Sneakies,” Ellie recalls that when grandmother Nana Montgomery was alive, she would secretly teach her how to play piano and encouraged her to always be herself. Ellie and Catalina talk about the difficulty of fitting in at school; this shared experience deepens their bond.

Poems 41-49 Summary

(This section summarizes Poem 41: “Tug-of-War,” Poem 42: “Take Two,” Poem 43: “Doggone Good Trick,” Poem 44: “The Question,” Poem 45: “Adjectives and Nouns,” Poem 46: “Diets, Tried and Lost,” Poem 47: “Art Lessons,” Poem 48: “Big Ol’ Fat Thing,” and Poem 49: “What I Carry.”)

Dr. Wood brings her dog to Ellie’s next session and connects with her over their mutual love of dogs (as the latter owns a dog named Gigi). Ellie decides she can trust Dr. Wood after noticing a picture of her with friends of all sizes, accepting the therapist’s help in coping with her emotions. At school, Ellie notices her bully Enemy Number 3 trip over a broken shoe sole. Self-conscious, he quickly looks around and notices Ellie watching; when he does, he snarls an insult at her.

Ellie considers the impact her mother’s words have had on her: Mom treats “fat” as a noun that defines her, rather than a simple adjective. She recalls a particularly painful memory in which Mom referred to a fat person in a movie as a “big ol’ fat thing.” In that moment, Ellie realized that this must be how Mom sees her too. Dr. Wood encourages Ellie to draw others’ hurtful words, helping her understand that expressing them will help her release the pain they cause her.

Poems 50-55 Summary

(This section summarizes Poem 50: “Sick and Tired,” Poem 51: “The Invite,” Poem 52: “Just as I Am,” Poem 53: “Food Chain,” Poem 54: “Alien Encounter,” and Poem 55: “Shattering Stereotypes.”)

Catalina invites Ellie to get frozen custard with her family. Catalina’s family is warm and unconditionally accepting of Ellie, a stark contrast to Ellie’s home life. At the restaurant, both Ellie and Catalina face prejudice from strangers. A fat woman remarks on Ellie’s weight, and Ellie reflects on how there is a “food chain” wherein fat people insult other fat people so they can feel better about themselves. Other people at the restaurant treat Catalina’s family with hostility because they are Mexican. Both Ellie and Catalina experience stereotyping; Ellie reflects on the injustice of this and how stereotypes don’t define individuals.

Poems 56-62 Summary

(This section summarizes Poem 56: “Let It Rip,” Poem 57: “Sibling Bribery,” Poem 58: “Texas Twister,” Poem 59: “Busted,” Poem 60: “Fix Mom’s Thinking,” Poem 61: “Missing Viv,” and Poem 62: “Let There Be Light—Sabers.”)

When bullies Marissa and Kortnee intentionally tear Ellie’s new shirt during gym class, she stands up for herself by insulting them in return. However, her actions leave her feeling miserable. Dr. Wood teaches Ellie that the reason for her regret is because she defended herself by attacking Marissa and Kortnee, and that there are other ways to defend one’s self. Ellie’s older brother Liam bribes her to take the public bus home so he can meet up with friends instead of driving her. Strangers on the bus pinch Ellie and comment on her body, while a tornado forms outside. Luckily, Ellie runs into Catalina and her siblings, who see her to safety. After Ellie tells Catalina that Mom thinks there’s something wrong with her, Catalina suggests that perhaps the problem is Mom’s thinking.

Poems 63-66 Summary

(This section summarizes Poem 63: “Technology Tricks,” Poem 64: “Choosing Sides,” Poem 65: “Where Hate Comes From,” and Poem 66: “A Comet’s Tale.”)

Ellie’s friend Viv reports over video chat that she has been thriving at her new school; she is now the school mascot, and feels her larger size fits the part of a dancing comet. Ellie is happy for Viv, but also jealous that she found a way to celebrate her size while she herself still struggles to accept her body. While Ellie is out at dinner with her family, a young boy and his father rudely tell Ellie “[Y]ou’re fat” (95). Dad demands an apology from them, but Mom says that the family (her pride) has been “humiliated” (96) enough and she rushes them out. Ellie reflects on how Mom always decides what she gets—whether it be food or respect.

Poems 67-71 Summary

(This section summarizes Poem 67: “Liam’s Wish,” Poem 68: “Worse than Pee on Carpet,” Poem 69: “Shabbat,” Poem 70: “Whaling Season,” and Poem 71: “Comforter.”)

Ellie accidentally finds Liam’s journal and reads hurtful entries about how much he hates having a fat sister. She burns the pages from Liam’s journal in the backyard, releasing the anger and resentment she harbors for him as she does. During their weekly Shabbat, Mom recites the traditional prayer for fortune, kindness, and peace from God over Ellie, but Ellie wishes she could receive these things from Mom instead. Ellie selects a book about a misunderstood whale for a school project. When bully Marissa mocks Ellie’s selection, Ellie’s English teacher reprimands Marissa, that if she bothered to learn more about whales, she’d know what unique creatures they are. Ellie’s English teacher praises a poem Ellie wrote for class and tells her that she is officially a poet.

Poems 72-77 Summary

(This section summarizes Poem 72: “Break Away,” Poem 73: “Say Cheese,” Poem 74: “Hard to Talk About,” Poem 75: “More Time,” Poem 76: “Dear Stranger,” and Poem 77: “Taking a Stand.”)

Dad surprises the family with a trip to Niagara Falls over Thanksgiving break. At the Falls, a group of tourists laugh at Ellie and take a photo of her without her permission. While processing this event with Dr. Wood, Ellie reacts with extreme emotion. Ellie writes an open letter to the girls from the Falls, expressing her humiliation and why it was wrong for them to behave as they did. This process encourages Ellie to begin sticking up for herself, and she confronts Enemy Number 3 about his behavior the next day at school. For Ellie, this is an act of “starfishing”—embracing her right to take up space.

Poems 31-77 Analysis

Poems 31-77 develop Ellie’s relationships but also raise questions about how other characters navigate their relationships. In Poem 44: “The Question,” Ellie witnesses Enemy Number 3 trip over the broken sole of his shoe. His self-conscious demeanor suggests that his shoes are broken because he cannot afford to buy new ones; his extreme defensiveness upon seeing Ellie suggests he is insecure, and that lashing out is his way of protecting himself from this insecurity. Similarly, in Poem 53: “Food Chain,” Ellie believes the fat woman at the restaurant commented on her body so she could feel better about her own. This introduces the question of the extent to which cruelty is motivated by similar experiences of cruelty.

Ellie’s relationships with Dr. Wood and Catalina further develop in this section. In Poem 42: “Take Two,” Ellie decides to trust Dr. Wood after seeing a picture of her with “friends of all shapes” (59); she accepts Dr. Wood’s support in coping with bullies in Poem 43: “Doggone Good Trick.” Ellie meets Catalina’s family for the first time in Poem 52: “Just as I Am,” and they offer acceptance, unlike her own family—providing further validation to Ellie that there isn’t anything wrong with her.

As Ellie dives deeper into her internal landscape, she realizes the detrimental impact Mom has had on her. The poems “Big Ol’ Fat Thing” (Poem 48) and “Where Hate Comes From” (Poem 65) are particularly significant in developing this revelation. Ellie realizes that most of the words that harm her come from Mom; the words reinforce Ellie’s belief that Mom doesn’t love her or even see her as a full person. She opens “Where Hate Comes From” with a discussion of how Mom always chooses her food at restaurants, an analogy for how she has shaped Ellie’s expectations of other people (such as expecting the worse from genuine people like Catalina and Dr. Wood). When a young boy and his father insult Ellie at a restaurant, Mom rushes the family out without allowing an apology—thus sending the message that Ellie is unworthy of respect. Ellie situates the final lines of “Where Hate Comes From” alone on the page, giving them a distraught emphasis: “Like I said, / Mom always decides what I get” (96). Mom decides that Ellie does not deserve dignity from others; furthermore, she has convinced Ellie herself of this, so Ellie always expects others to treat her poorly. The title of the poem suggests that hate doesn’t just come from people who make inane, thoughtless comments; it comes from people like Mom who think cruelty toward select people is justified.

Dr. Wood’s suggestion that Ellie express hurtful words to rid herself of the pain they cause reinforces the theme of The Power of Words, and suggests words’ potential to remedy the damage they inflict. Ellie uses this lesson in Poem 67: “Liam’s Wish,” when she burns Liam’s hate-filled journal pages. She harbors deep anger for him, but releases it along with her brother’s insults, because “[these insults] don’t seem to bother him one bit, / but they’re hurting me” (100). This demonstrates Ellie’s compassionate and mature outlook on coping with her emotions, as she does not wish to harm Liam with her words and instead chooses to let go of the pain he causes with his words.

Poems 31-77 also establish the theme of Defending Yourself Without Attacking Others. As Ellie begins to stick up for herself in poems like Poem 56: “Let It Rip,” this theme becomes an important lesson that reflects her empathy for others. After Ellie insults Marissa and Kortnee in “Let It Rip,” she feels “so mean, / so sad” (82). In Poem 62: “Let There Be Light—Sabers,” Dr. Wood helps Ellie understand that retaliation doesn’t necessarily feel good, and that it’s possible to defend one’s self without giving into the temptation to make fun of others in turn.

The whale, formerly a symbol of Ellie’s abuse by others and negative self-image, begins a subtle transformation reflective of her own slowly shifting self-image. In Poem 70: “Whaling Season,” Ellie identifies with the protagonist of the book she’s chosen for a school project. The whale in Ellie’s book sings a song that no one around him understands, and “I know what it’s like / not to be heard” (105). The whale has shifted from a symbol of self-hatred into a symbol of Ellie’s uncertain yet slowly evolving understanding of herself. She can now conceptualize herself as someone deserving of empathy, someone who is not understood by others but can learn to sing her own song. This is reinforced by Ellie’s English teacher’s response to Marissa’s dismissiveness—that whales are “unique, / beautiful, / and powerful” (106), foreshadowing traits that Ellie will come to recognize in herself.

The starfish symbol reappears at the end of Poem 77: “Taking a Stand” to represent Ellie’s development. She has progressed from considering the idea of embracing self-worth internally to asserting it externally. As she confronts Enemy Number 3, Ellie asserts her right to have her feelings taken seriously and to be treated with dignity and respect like any human being. As she does so, “I realize I’ve been / starfishing— / starting to claim my right / to take up space / in this place” (116). The reference to the starfish symbolizes a new stage in Ellie’s development and develops the theme of Self-Acceptance: Being Comfortable Taking Up Space.

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