67 pages • 2 hours read
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Uprooted is both a fantasy novel that reimagines and expands upon several Polish folktales and a coming-of-age story for the protagonist, Agnieszka. Fantasy novels are typified by their inclusion of magic, magical creatures, and/or imaginative fictional worlds. Uprooted includes all of these elements, including a fictional kingdom called Polnya, the existence of magical creatures, and classic fantasy character types such as wizards and heroic princes.
Uprooted also engages with a contemporary trend of retelling classic fairy tales and folktales. Some retellings adhere closely to the source material, such as Robin McKinley’s novels Beauty (based upon Beauty and the Beast) and Deerskin (based upon the Perault fairy tale “Donkeyskin”). Others, like Naomi Novik’s popular novel Spinning Silver (2018), inspired by the tale of Rumpelstiltskin, elaborately reimagine the source material. Still others take the core elements and spin them into completely new genres, such as Marissa Meyer’s popular Lunar Chronicles series, which gives a science fiction/dystopian spin to the fairy tales of Cinderella, Red Riding Hood, and Rapunzel. Uprooted draws on several Slavic fairy tales but does not adhere particularly closely to any of them.
Lastly, Uprooted is also a coming-of-age novel. A coming-of-age story follows a young protagonist as they face difficulties, find their place in society, and reach emotional maturity. Early coming-of-age novels often followed male protagonists. However, in modern fiction, including modern fantasy (another traditionally “male” genre), female coming-of-age stories are common. Often, such novels engage with gender norms, following a young woman who does not fit into traditional society and must forge her own path or role to grow and find happiness. This is the case with Agnieszka, whose insecurity about her looks and demeanor contributes to the novel’s exploration of Overcoming Envy to Reach Self-Acceptance.
As Novik explains in the Acknowledgements, the novel was inspired by an old Polish folktale her mother used to read to her, titled “Agnieszka Srawek Neiba” (437). She elaborates on this in her website’s FAQs, explaining that the folktale tells the story of a young girl named Agnieszka who loses her yellow cow in an enchanted forest. When the girl wanders through the forest to find her cow, she inadvertently breaks a curse that separates her village from a village on the other side of the forest by speaking the magic phrase, “[T]he people on the other side of the forest are just like us.” Novik adds that the “story is about not fearing and hating foreigners, […] inspired by […] war and upheaval” (“Ask Naomi.” Naomi Novik).
Little else is known about this tale, which appears in the fairy tale collection O wróżkach i czarodziejach by author Natalia Gałczynska, published in 1969. This collection is based upon older French fairy tales, which Gałczynska adapted and modified for a Polish audience. It has not been translated into English, nor is it clear which French fairy tales the story of Agnieszka draws on. Novik explains that she primarily borrowed the name Agnieszka and the idea of the enchanted forest from the tale, though the novel’s final chapter alludes to the original little girl and the yellow cow.
Novik also references other Eastern European/Slavic folktales, including Baba Yaga (the witch Old Jaga whose spells Agnieszka builds from), the monster psoglav (the monster with a dog’s head and one eye that kills the king), and the Mavka (a forest spirit depicted as a beautiful woman with long hair who lured men to their deaths). In some Slavic tales, the Mavka is not a single woman but a race of tree spirits, much like the Wood-Queen and the tree-people.
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